Essential Steps of Service-Learning

1. Inventory and Investigation

Using social analysis methods, students

• identify a need.
• analyze the underlying problem.

2. Preparation and Planning

With guidance from their teacher, students

• collaborate with community partners.
• develop a plan that encouraged responsibility.
• recognize the integration of service and learning.
• articulate roles and responsibilities of all involved.
• define realistic parameters for implementation.

3. Action

Through direct service or indirect service or a combination of these approaches, students take action that

• has value, purpose, and meaning.
• uses previously learned and newly acquired academic skills and knowledge.
• Offers unique learning experiences
• has real consequences
• offers a safe environment to learn, make mistakes, and succeed.

4. Reflection

Participating students

• describe what happened.
• examine the difference made.
• place experience in a larger context.
• consider project improvements,
• identify questions.
• receive feedback.

5. Demonstration

Students show what they have learned by

• reporting to peers, faculty, and/or community members.
• writing articles or letters to local newspapers regarding issues of public concern.
• creating a publication or website that helps others learn from students' experiences.
• making presentations.
• creating displays.

(Adapted from The Complete Guide to Service Learning: Proven, Practical Ways to Engage Students in Civic Responsibility, Academic Curriculum, and Social Action, p. 47)